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Avro Anson - Wikipedia. The Avro Anson is a British twin- engined, multi- role aircraft built by aircraft manufacturer Avro. Large numbers of type served in a variety of roles for the Royal Air Force (RAF), Fleet Air Arm (FAA), Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and numerous other air forces before, during, and after the Second World War. Bruce Deluca Us Installation Group. Initially known as the Avro 6. A, the Anson was developed during the mid- 1. Avro 6. 52 airliner in response to a request for tenders issued by the British Air Ministry for a maritime reconnaissance aircraft.
Having suitably impressed the Ministry, a single prototype was ordered, which conducted its maiden flight on 2. March 1. 93. 5. Following an evaluation in which the Type 6. A bested the competing de Havilland DH. Air Ministry Specification 1.
July 1. 93. 5. The Type 6. A was promptly named after British Admiral.
George Anson. The type was placed into service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) and was initially used in the envisioned maritime reconnaissance operation alongside the larger flying boats. However, by the outbreak of the Second World War, the Anson was soon found to have become obsolete in front line combat roles.
However, large numbers of the type was put to use as a multi- engined aircrew trainer, having been found to be suitable for the role, and became the mainstay of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. The type continued to be used in this role throughout and after the conflict, remaining in RAF service as a trainer and communications aircraft until 2. June 1. 96. 8. During the post- war climate, the Anson was increasingly produced for the civil market, being used as an light transport and executive aircraft. By the end of production in 1. Ansons had been constructed by Avro in nine variants; in addition, a further 2,8. Federal Aircraft Ltd in Canada from 1.
By the 2. 1st century, the vast majority of Ansons had been retired from flying. However, a single Anson Mk. I, which had been originally manufactured during 1. On 1. 8 July 2. 01.
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Development. The Air Ministry requested tenders from major aircraft manufacturers to produce a suitable aircraft in order to meet this requirement. Avro decided to respond to the request with the Avro 6. A, which was a modified version of the earlier Avro 6. After evaluating the various submissions received, the Air Ministry decided to place a pair of orders, with Avro and de Havilland respectively, to manufacture single examples of the Type 6. A and the de Havilland DH. May 1. 93. 5. Between 1.
May 1. 93. 5, the prototype participated in a formal evaluation against the competing DH. M by the RAF's Coastal Defence Development Unit at RAF Gosport, Hampshire. During these trials, the Avro aircraft proved to be superior and was accordingly selected as the winner of the competition on 2. May 1. 93. 5. Additionally, while the prototype had not been fitted with flaps, production aircraft could accommodate their installation from the onset to increase the viable glide angle and reduce landing speed.
Developed as a general reconnaissance aircraft, it possessed many features that lent itself to the role, including considerable load- carrying ability, and long range. The Anson Mk I was furnished with a low- mounted one- piece wooden wing, composed of a combination of plywood and spruce throughout the wingbox and ribs. The fuselage was composed of a welded steel tubing framework which was principally clad in fabric; the exterior of the nose was clad in magnesium alloy. The engine cowling were intentionally designed to have a reduced diameter in order to reduce their negative impact upon external visibility, which was considered to be valuable to the type's reconnaissance function.
Commonly, the undercarriage was fitted with Dunlop- built wheels, tyres and pneumatic brakes and Turner legs. The pilot was located in a cockpit behind the bomb- aimer's position and was provided with a variety of contemporary instrumentation, including those to enable flight under instrument flight rules (IFR) and indirect instrument lighting for night flying purposes.
Behind these is the navigator's station, a chair and table provisioned with navigational aids such as compasses, Bigsworth chart boards, sea markers, calculators for course, wind and speed, a signalling lamp and float flares. Squadron was the first RAF unit to be equipped with the type. Upon the type's introduction, it represented a new level of capability for the service, serving not only in a general reconnaissance capacity but also being an effective general- purpose aircraft . No. 6 (Operational Training) Group.
Newly formed crews, having previously completed individual flying and technical training courses, were first trained as bomber crews in Ansons before they would advance to the various frontline aircraft types, which were also in the same squadrons with the Ansons. After training in the frontline aircraft type, crews would advance to the frontline bomber squadrons with those aircraft types (Fairey Battle, Bristol Blenheim, Vickers Wellington, Armstrong Whitworth Whitley, and Handley- Page Hampden). At the start of the war, the Lockheed Hudson was beginning to replace the Ansons in Coastal Command, one squadron having been fully equipped with Hudsons and another with both Ansons and Hudsons. Limited numbers of Ansons continued to serve in operational roles such as coastal patrols and air/sea rescue. Early in the war, an Anson scored a probable hit on a German U- boat. In June 1. 94. 0, a flight of three Ansons was attacked by nine Luftwaffe. Messerschmitt Bf 1.
Remarkably, before the dogfight ended, without losing any of their own, one of the Ansons had destroyed two German aircraft and damaged a third. The Anson was also used to train the other members of a bomber's aircrew, such as navigators, wireless operators, bomb aimers and air gunners. Postwar, the Anson continued in the training and light transport roles. The last Ansons were finally withdrawn from RAF service with communications units on 2. June 1. 96. 8. There was no fatal mechanical failure of an Anson in ATA service, and it was typically very well regarded. These aircraft continued to be operated until 1.
A preserved navigation trainer is in the Royal New Zealand Air Force Museum at Wigram. The Royal Indian Air Force operated several Ansons as part of the No.
Service Flying Training School (India) for Pilot and Navigation training. These Ansons continued this role post- independence and were retired at an unknown date. Although the Canadian Ansons were used throughout the training schools of the British Commonwealth Air Training plan for training aircrew, some aircraft were pressed into operational service with the RCAF's Eastern Air Command. A good example of the training schools involvement in combat operations with the EAC during the emergency of the battle is illustrated in an article dated 1 March 2. Royal Canadian Legion magazine entitled Eastern Air Command: Air Force, Part 1. Hugh A. Haliday wrote: . Lawrence stretched EAC resources.
Based at Charlottetown, 3. General Reconnaissance School was mobilized to fly patrols using Avro Ansons, each carrying two, 2. At the very outset of the war the Anson and its ordnance had failed in RAF anti- submarine work. Now in Canada it was remobilized as an aerial scarecrow.
German views varied as to Canadian countermeasures. The captain of U- 5. In October 1. 94.
U- 6. 9 reported “strong sea patrol and constant patrol by aircraft with radar. A specially outfitted Anson was presented to the then King of Egypt by the RAF. The Royal Afghan Air Force obtained 1.
Anson 1. 8 aircraft for various duties from 1. These aircraft survived until 1.
Postwar civil use. At this time, large amounts of the type were being produced for civilian use, where they were operated as light transports by a range of small charter airlines and as executive aircraft by large corporations. Countries which saw civilian operations with Ansons included the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and Denmark. Sivewright Airways operated three Mk XIX aircraft from their Manchester Airport base on charter flights as far as Johannesburg and on scheduled flights to Ronaldsway Airport in the Isle of Man until 1. Finglands Airways operated an ex- RAF Anson I on inclusive tour flights and on scheduled flights from Manchester Airport to Newquay Airport between 1.
Kemps Aerial Surveys operated several Anson XIXs on survey work within the UK until their retirement in 1. The phenolic glue bonds would part, and it was speculated that the problem was due to the high humidity. In 1. 96. 2, the Commonwealth Government decided to ground the majority of wooden- winged aircraft then in operation; amongst those aircraft affected, the Anson and De Havilland Mosquito were included. Of the Ansons, no such aircraft were re- registered as the government had mandated a test that essentially destroyed the wings, thus requiring the fitting of new wings. Most owners decided to voluntarily scrap their aircraft well before this time. By the 2. 1st century, the vast majority of Ansons had been retired from flying.
However, a single Anson Mk. I, which had been originally manufactured during 1. On 1. 8 July 2. 01. Nelson, New Zealand. Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool Ms Dtc 2. Squadron RAAF crashed near Riverstone, New South Wales on the return leg of an air navigation course, killing all four crew members. Service Flying Training School RAAF collided in mid- air and became locked together in flight. A successful emergency landing was made at Brocklesby, New South Wales.
L9. 16. 2 became a ground instructional airframe, whilst N4. Brocklesby mid- air collision). On 9 October 1. 94.
Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) airmen were killed when their Avro Anson aircraft crashed near Clackline, Western Australia (see Avro Anson Memorial). On 3. 0 October 1. Avro Anson took off from Sidney airport on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, with Royal Canadian Air Force Sgt. William Baird and British air force Pilot Officer Charles Fox, Pilot Officer Anthony Lawrence and Sgt.
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